一、案例I:循环泵汽蚀破坏
某电厂3#机组(25MW)配用二台双吸中开泵作循环冷却泵,泵的铭牌参数为:
Q=3240m3/h,H=32m,n=960r/m,Pa=317.5kW,Hs=2.9m(JINPSHr=7.4m)
BENGZHUANGZHIWEIYICIXUNHUANGONGSHUI,QUSHUIKOUHEPAICHUKOUJUNZAITONGYISHUIMIANSHANG。
KAICHEYUNXINGBUDAOLIANGGEYUE,BENGYELUNBEIQISHIPOHUAICHUANKONG。
CHULIGUOCHENG:
SHOUXIANZUOXIANCHANGDIAOCHA,FAXIANBENGDECHUKOUYALIJIN0.1MPa,ERQIEZHIZHENJULIEBAIDONG,BINGBANYOUBAOPOQISHIXIANGSHENG。ZUOWEISHUIBENGZHUANYERENYUAN,DIYIYINXIANGJIUZHIDAOZHEISHIYOUYUPIANGONGKUANGYUNXINGERZAOCHENGQISHIFASHENG。YINWEIBENGDESHEJIYANGCHENGWEI32m,FANYINGZAITUCHUYALIBIAOSHANG,DUSHUYINGZI0.3MPaZUOYOU。ERXIANCHANGYALIBIAODUSHUZHIYOU0.1MPa,XIANRANBENGDEYUNXINGYANGCHENGZHIYOU10mZUOYOU,JIBENGDEYUNXINGGONGKUANGYUANLIQ=3240m3/h,H=32mDEGUIDINGGONGKUANGDIAN,CIDIANDEBENGBIXUQISHIYULIANGYIWUFAYULIAODEZENGDA。BIRANFASHENGQISHI。
QICIZUOXIANCHANGDIAOSHI,RANGYONGHUZHIJUERENZHISHIBENGXUANXINGYANGCHENGGUOSHI,WEILESHIBENGXIAOCHUQISHI,BIXUSHIBENGDEYUNXINGGONGKUANGHUIDAOQ=3240m3/h,H=32mDEGUIDINGGONGKUANGFUJIN。FANGFAJIUSHIGUANXIAOCHUKOUFAMEN。YONGHUDUIGUANXIAOFAMENFEICHANGDANXIN,TAMENRENWEIXIANZAIQUANKAIFAMENYUNXING,LIULIANGSHANGBUCHONGFEN,ZHISHILENGNINGQIJINCHUWENCHADA33℃(RUOLIULIANGCHONGZU,ZHENGCHANGJINCHUWENCHAYINGZAI11℃YIXIA),RUOZAIGUANXIAOCHUKOUFA,BENGDELIULIANGQIBUGENGXIAO。WEILESHIDIANCHANGCAOZUORENYUANFANGXIN,YAOTAMENBUZHIYOUGUANRENYUANFENTOUGUANCHALENGNINGQIDEZHENKONGDU、FADIANCHULISHU、NINGQICHUSHUIWENDUDENGDUILIULIANGBIANHUAFANYINGMINGANDESHUJU,BENGCHANGRENYUANZEZAIBENGFANGZHUBUGUANXIAOBENGCHUKOUFA。CHUKOUYALISUIZHEFAMENKAIDUDEJIANXIAOERZHUBUSHANGSHENG,DANGSHANGSHENGZHI0.28MPaSHI,BENGDEQISHIXIANGSHENGWANQUANXIAOCHU,NINGQIZHENKONGDUYECONG650GONGZHUSHANGSHENGDAO700GONGZHU,NINGQIDEJINCHUWENCHAXIAJIANGDAO11℃YIXIA。ZHEIXIEDOUSHUOMING,YUNXINGGONGKUANGHUIDAOGUIDINGDIANZHIHOU,BENGQISHIXIANXIANGJIKEXIAOCHU,BENGDELIULIANGHUIFUZHENGCHANG(BENGPIANGONGKUANGFASHENGQISHIHOU,LIULIANG、YANGCHENGDOUYAOXIAJIANG)。DANCISHIFAMENKAIDUZHIYOU10%ZUOYOU,RUOZHANGCIYUNXING,FAMENYERONGYISUNHUAI,TONGSHIHAONENGBUJINGJI。
JIEJUEBANFA:
YOUYUYUANBENGYANGCHENGYOU32m,ERXINXUYANGCHENGJIN12m,YINWEIYANGCHENGXIANGCHATAIYUAN,QIEGEYELUNJIANGDIYANGCHENGDEJIANDANBANFAYIBUKEXING。YUSHITICHUDIANJIJIANGSU(960r/mJIANGZHI740r/m)GAIZAO,BENGYELUNZHONGXINSHEJIDEFANGAN。CIFANGANHOULAISHIJIANBIAOMING,CHEDIJIEJUELEWENTI,BUJINJIEJUELEQISHIWENTI,HAIDADADIJIANGDILENENGHAO。
BENANWENTIDEGUANJIANSHIBENGXUANXINGYANGCHENGGUOGAOZAOCHENGDE。
一、案例Ⅱ:循环水泵位移和断轴事故分析
GAIGONGCHENGGONGYOU6TAI24CUNXINGXUNHUANSHUIBENG,LUTIANANZHUANG,BENGDEMINGPAICANSHUWEI:
Q=3000m3/h,H=70m, N=960r/m(SHIJIZHUANSUDA990r/m)
PEITAODIANJIGONGLV800kW
BENGZHOUCHENGWEISKFQIUZHOUCHENG。ZHIRUNHUA。CONGDONGDUANZHOUCHENGXIANGGUDING,CHENGSHOUCANYUZHOUXIANGTUILI;ZHUDONGDUANZHOUCHENGWAIQUANZHOUXIANGLIUYOUYOUDONGJIANXI。
BENGZHUANGZHIRUXIATUSUOSHI:

XIANGJIAOSHENSUOJIELIANGDUANFALANFENBIEYUGUANDAOLIANJIE,LIANGDUANFALANBENSHENWEIYONGZHANGLUOSHUANGANGXINGLIANJIE。
BENGANZHUANGHAOZHIHOU,KAISHIZHUTAIDIAOSHI,DIAOSHIZHONGCHUXIANXIALIEQINGKUANG:
1)BENGZUOHETUCHUGUANDAOSHUINIGUDINGZHIDUNJUNFASHENGWEIYI,WEIYIFANGXIANGRUZHUANGZHISHIYITUSUOSHI:BENGXIANGYOUYI,GUDINGZHIDUNXIANGZUOYI,YOUJITAIBENGZHIDUNSHUINIZUOYINWEIYICHUXIANBENGLIE
2)YALIBIAODUSHUZAIKAIFAZHIQIANDA0.8MPa,BUFENKAIFAZHIHOUWEI0.65MPaZUOYOU,DIANDONGDIEFAKAIDUYUE15%。ZHOUCHENGBUWEIWENSHENG、ZHENDONGFUDUDOUZHENGCHANG 。
3)TINGBENGZHIHOUJIANCHALIANZHOUQIDEDUIZHONGQINGKUANG,FAXIANJIBENGLIANGLIANZHOUQIZUOYOUCUOWEIJIAODA,JUANZHUANGRENYUANJIANCHA,CUOWEIZUIYANZHONGDEWEI1#BENG(CUOWEI1.6mm),5#BENG(CUOKAI3mm)、6#BENG(CUOKAI2mm),QITABENGYEYOUSHUSHISIDECUOWEI。
4)DIAOZHENGDUIZHONGHOU,ZHONGXINKAICHESHI,YONGHUHEANZHUANGKUAI3CAIPIAOappYONGBAIFENBIAOCELIANGBENGJIAODEWEIYILIANG,ZUIDADEDA0.37mm,TINGBENGHOUYOUHUIDAN,DANBENGJIAOBUWEIBUNENGFUYUAN。
DUANZHOUSHIGUFASHENGZAI5#BENGSHANG。5#BENGDUANZHOUZHIQIAN,DUANXUYUNXING3-4CI,LEIJIYUNXINGYUE60XIAOSHIZUOYOU。ZUIHOUYICIKAICHEHOU,YUNXINGZHICIRIWANSHANGFASHENGDUANZHOU。DUANZHOUBUWEIZAIZHUDONGDUANZHOUCHENGDINGWEIZHOUJIANTUIDAOCAOCHU,DUANMIANYUZHOUZHONGXINLVEWEIQINGXIE 。
DUISHIGUYUANYINDEFENXIYIJIAN:DUANZHOUSHIGUFASHENGZAI5#BENGSHANG,KENENGYOUZHOUBENSHENZHILIANGWENTI,YEYOUWAIBUYINSUDEWENTI。
1)5#BENGFASHENGDUANZHOU,BUPAICHU5#BENGZHOUCUNZAIZHILIANGWENTI,ZHEIXIEWENTIKENENGZHOULIAOBENSHENYOUQUEXIAN,YEKENENGYU5#BENGZHOUTUIDAOCAOJIAGONGYUANHUBUGUIFANDAOZHIYINGLIJIZHONG,ZHEISHIDUANZHOUYUANYINDEGEXINGWENTI。
2)5#BENGDUANZHOUYUWAILIZUOYONGSHIBENGCHANSHENGWEIYIYOUGUAN。ZAIWAILIZUOYONGXIA 5#BENGLIANZHOUQIZUOYOUCUOWEIZUIDA。ZHEIGEWAILIDECHANSHENGSHIYOUYUTUCHUGUANSHANGDESHUIYALIZUOYONGXIACHANSHENGDEZHANGLI(ZHEIGEZHANGLIFDANGP2=0.7MPaSHI:
F=0.7×10.2×(πd2)÷4=0.7×10.2×(π×802)÷4=35.9T,DANGBIFAYUNXINGSHI,P2=0.8MPa,CISHIF=0.8×10.2×(π×802)÷4=41T),ZHEIMEDADELALIKAOXIANGJIAOGUANBIGANGDUGENBENCHENGSHOUBUZHU,BIRANXIANGZUOYOUYANSHEN,ZHEIYANGLIXIANGYOUCHUANDIDAOBENGSHANG,SHIQICHANSHENGWEIYI,XIANGZUOCHUANDIDAOSHUINIZHIDUN,SHIQITUILIE,RUGUOZHIDUNJIAOJIANGU、BUKUA,ZEBENGXIANGYOUDEWEIYIJIUGENGDA。SHISHIBIAOMING,5#BENGDESHUINIZHIDUNWEITUILIE,ZE5#BENGDEWEIYIJIUGENGDA,SUOYITINGHOU,5#BENGDELIANZHOUQIZUOYOUCUOWEIJIUZUIDA(GONGZHONGHAO:BENGGUANJIA)。
3)YINXIANGJIAOGUANBIDEGANGDUBUNENGCHENGSHOUJUDASHUITUILIERZHOUXIANGLAZHANG,SHIBENGTUCHUKOUCHENGSHOUJUDAWAITUILI(BENGDEJINCHUFALANBUNENGCHENGSHOUGUANDAOWAILIZUOYONG),ZHISHIBENGTIWEIYI,DAOZHILIANZHOUQICUOWEI、JIBENGLIANGZHOUBUTONGXINYUNXING,ZHEISHIDAOZHI5#BENGDUANZHOUDEWAIBUYINSU。
JIEJUEFANGFA:JIANGLUNTAIJIEYONGZHANGLUOGANGANGXINGLIANJIE,BINGRANGTUCHUGUANLUNENGZIYOUSHENZHAN,WEIYIHEDUANZHOUWENTIERBUZAIFASHENG。
SHUIBENGCHANGJIANGUZHANGCHULICUOSHI
1、SHUIBENGYANGCHENGGUOGAOYINFADEYUNXINGGUZHANG:
SHEJIYUANZAIZUOSHUIBENGXUANXINGSHI,BENGDEYANGCHENGSHOUXIANSHITONGGUOLILUNJISUANQUEDINGDE,WANGWANGYOUXIEBAOSHOU,ZHISHIXINXUANBENGDEYANGCHENGGAOYUSHIJIZHUANGZHISUOYAOQIUDEYANGCHENG,CONGERDAOZHIBENGPIANGONGKUANGYUNXING。YOUYUPIANGONGKUANGYUNXING,HUIZAOCHENGRUXIAYIXIEYUNXINGGUZHANG:
(1)DIANJICHAOGONGLV(DIANLIU),CHANGCHANGCHUXIANZAILIXINBENGSHANG 。
(2)BENGFASHENGQISHIXIANXIANG,BINGFASHENGZHENDONGHEZAOYIN,CHUKOUYALIZHIZHENPINFANBAIDONG。YOUYUQISHIFASHENG,HAIDAOZHIYELUNQISHIPOHUAI,YUNXINGLIULIANGXIAJIANG。
CHULICUOSHI:FENXIBENGYUNXINGSHUJU,ZHONGXINQUEDINGZHUANGZHIYAOQIUDESHIJIYANGCHENG,DIAOZHENG(JIANGDI)BENGDEYANGCHENG.ZUIJIANDANDEFANGFASHIQIEXUEYELUNWAIJING;RUQIEXUEYELUNBUZUYIMANZUYANGCHENGJIANGDIZHIDEYAOQIU,KEGENGHUANXINSHEJIDEYELUN;HAIKEJIANGDIANJIZUOJIANGDIZHUANSUDEGAIZAOYIJIANGDIBENGYANGCHENG。
2、GUNDONGZHOUCHENGBUJIANWENSHENGCHAOBIAO
GUOCHANGUNDONGZHOUCHENGYUNXUDEZUIGAOWENDUBUCHAOGUO80℃,JINKOUZHOUCHENGRUSKFZHOUCHENG,YUNXUDEZUIGAOWENDUKEDADAO110℃。PINGSHIYUNXINGJIANCHASHI,DOUYISHOUMOCHUGANLAIPANDUANZHOUCHENGSHIFOUFARE,ZHEISHIBUGUIFANDEPANDUAN。
YINQIZHOUCHENGBUJIANWENDUGUOGAODECHANGJIANYUANYINYOUXIALIEJIDIAN:
1)RUNHUAYOU(ZHI)GUODUO ;
2)JIBENGLIANGZHOUBUDUIZHONG,SHIZHOUCHENGSHOUDAOEWAIDEFUZAI;
3)LINGBUJIANJIAGONGWUCHA,TEBIESHIZHOUCHENGTIYUBENGZUOXIANGPEIHEDEDUANMIANCHUIZHIDUCHAOCHA,YEHUISHIZHOUCHENGSHOUDAOEWAIDEGANRAOLIERFARE;
4)BENGTISHOUDAOTUCHUGUANDAODETUILAGANRAO,CONGERPOHUAILEJIBENGLIANGZHOUDETONGXINDU,YEHUISHIZHOUCHENGFARE;
5)ZHOUCHENGRUNHUABULIANGHUORUNHUAYOUZHIZHONGHANYOUNISHAHUOTIEXIE,YEHUISHIZHOUCHENGFARE;
6)ZHOUCHENGRONGLIANGBUZU,ZHEISHIBENGSHEJIXUANZEDEWENTI,CHENGSHUKUAI3CAIPIAOappYIBANBUCUNZAIZHEIYIWENTI。
3、BENGFASHENGQISHIXIANXIANG,DAOZHIZHENDONGZAOYINZENGDAHEYELUNPOHUAI:
BENGFASHENGQISHIXIANXIANGDESHIZHIYUANYINSHIBENGZHUANGZHIQISHIYULIANG(YINPSHaBIAOSHI)XIAOYUBENGBIXUQISHIYULIANG(YINPSHrBIAOSHI)ERZAOCHENGDE 。
BENGZHUANGZHIQISHIYULIANGNPSHaDEZHISHIYOUZHUANGZHIQUEDINGDE,TAYUDANGDIDAQIYAPa,SHUSONGJIEZHIDEQIHUAYALIPv,BENGQISHIJIZHUNXIANLIXIRUYEMIANDEJIHEGAODUHg,XIRUGUANLUDEZULISUNSHIhwYOUGUAN,JUTIDEJISUANGONGSHIWEI:

hw——BENGXIRUGUANLUDEZULISUNSHI,YIBANWEI0.3-0.5m
DANGZHUANGZHIQUEDINGZHIHOU,ERQIEXIRUSHUIWEIHENGDINGDEQINGKUANGXIA,NPSHaZHIWEIYIGEHENGDINGZHI。
BENGBIXUQISHIYULIANGNPSHrZHISHITONGGUOBENGSHIYANQUEDINGDE,YIBANZHIZUOSANGELIULIANGDIAN(JIGUIDINGFANWEINEIDESANGELIULIANGDIAN:XIAOLIULIANGDIAN、SHEJILIULIANGDIAN、DALIULIANGDIAN)DESHIYAN,ERQIESANGELIULIANGDIANDENPSHrZHIBUYIYANG,ZHENGCHANGQINGKUANGXIA,SHEJILIULIANGDIANDENPSHrZHIZUIXIAO,QITALIULIANGDIANTEBIESHIDALIULIANGDIANDENPSHrZHIYAOZENGDA。CHAOCHUDALIULIANGDIANYIWAIDENPSHrZHIYIBANNEIDOUJIJUZENGDA,WUFAYULIAO。
SHEJIYUANQUEDINGBENGDEANZHUANGGAODU,ZHUANGZHIQISHIYULIANGNPSHaZHIYAOMANZUBENGSHIYONGFANWEINEIZUIDABIXUQISHIYULIANGNPSHrZHIDEYAOQIU。DANSHIWEISHENMEHAIHUIFASHENGQISHIXIANXIANGNI?QIYUANYINYOUYIXIAJIDIAN:BENGPIANGONGKUANGYUNXINGZAOCHENGQISHIDEFASHENG:YOUYUXUANXINGWUCHA,SHIBENGDEYUNXINGGONGKUANGDIANBUZAIBENGDEGUIDINGFANWEINEI,ERSHIPIANZAIDALIULIANGQUYUYUNXING。YOUYUDALIULIANGDIANDENPSHrZHIWUFAYULIAODEZHIDA,ZAOCHENGNPSHa<NPSHRrERFASHENGQISHI;YOUYUZHIZAOWUCHA,BENGDESHIJIBIXUQISHIYULIANGDAYUYANGBENSHANGDEGUIDINGZHI,CONGERSHINPSHr>NPSHaZHIERFASHENGQISHI。
CHULICUOSHI:
ZHENDUIYISHANGSUOSHUZAOCHENGQISHIDESANGEYUANYIN,XIANGYINGDECAIQUYIXIASANZHONGJIEJUECUOSHI:
1)DIAOZHENGBENGDEXINGNENG(YIBANSHIJIANGDIYANGCHENGZHI),SHIBENGDEYUNXINGGONGKUANGDIANHUIDAOGUIDINGDELIULIANGFANWEINEIYUNXING;
2)JIANCHABINGQINGLIXIRUGUANNEIDEZAWU;
3)JIANGBENGFANHUIZHIZAOCHANGZUOQISHISHIYAN,HESHIBENGDEQISHIYULIANGZHISHIFOUDADAOYANGBENGUIDINGZHI;