一、案例I：循环泵汽蚀破坏

某电厂3#机组（25MW）配用二台双吸中开泵作循环冷却泵，泵的铭牌参数为：

Q=3240m3/h，H=32m，n=960r/m，Pa=317.5kW，Hs=2.9m（JINPSHr=7.4m）

BENGZHUANGZHIWEIYICIXUNHUANGONGSHUI，QUSHUIKOUHEPAICHUKOUJUNZAITONGYISHUIMIANSHANG。

KAICHEYUNXINGBUDAOLIANGGEYUE，BENGYELUNBEIQISHIPOHUAICHUANKONG。

CHULIGUOCHENG：

SHOUXIANZUOXIANCHANGDIAOCHA，FAXIANBENGDECHUKOUYALIJIN0.1MPa,ERQIEZHIZHENJULIEBAIDONG，BINGBANYOUBAOPOQISHIXIANGSHENG。ZUOWEISHUIBENGZHUANYERENYUAN，DIYIYINXIANGJIUZHIDAOZHEISHIYOUYUPIANGONGKUANGYUNXINGERZAOCHENGQISHIFASHENG。YINWEIBENGDESHEJIYANGCHENGWEI32m，FANYINGZAITUCHUYALIBIAOSHANG，DUSHUYINGZI0.3MPaZUOYOU。ERXIANCHANGYALIBIAODUSHUZHIYOU0.1MPa，XIANRANBENGDEYUNXINGYANGCHENGZHIYOU10mZUOYOU，JIBENGDEYUNXINGGONGKUANGYUANLIQ=3240m3/h，H=32mDEGUIDINGGONGKUANGDIAN，CIDIANDEBENGBIXUQISHIYULIANGYIWUFAYULIAODEZENGDA。BIRANFASHENGQISHI。

QICIZUOXIANCHANGDIAOSHI，RANGYONGHUZHIJUERENZHISHIBENGXUANXINGYANGCHENGGUOSHI，WEILESHIBENGXIAOCHUQISHI，BIXUSHIBENGDEYUNXINGGONGKUANGHUIDAOQ=3240m3/h，H=32mDEGUIDINGGONGKUANGFUJIN。FANGFAJIUSHIGUANXIAOCHUKOUFAMEN。YONGHUDUIGUANXIAOFAMENFEICHANGDANXIN，TAMENRENWEIXIANZAIQUANKAIFAMENYUNXING，LIULIANGSHANGBUCHONGFEN，ZHISHILENGNINGQIJINCHUWENCHADA33℃（RUOLIULIANGCHONGZU，ZHENGCHANGJINCHUWENCHAYINGZAI11℃YIXIA），RUOZAIGUANXIAOCHUKOUFA，BENGDELIULIANGQIBUGENGXIAO。WEILESHIDIANCHANGCAOZUORENYUANFANGXIN，YAOTAMENBUZHIYOUGUANRENYUANFENTOUGUANCHALENGNINGQIDEZHENKONGDU、FADIANCHULISHU、NINGQICHUSHUIWENDUDENGDUILIULIANGBIANHUAFANYINGMINGANDESHUJU，BENGCHANGRENYUANZEZAIBENGFANGZHUBUGUANXIAOBENGCHUKOUFA。CHUKOUYALISUIZHEFAMENKAIDUDEJIANXIAOERZHUBUSHANGSHENG，DANGSHANGSHENGZHI0.28MPaSHI，BENGDEQISHIXIANGSHENGWANQUANXIAOCHU，NINGQIZHENKONGDUYECONG650GONGZHUSHANGSHENGDAO700GONGZHU，NINGQIDEJINCHUWENCHAXIAJIANGDAO11℃YIXIA。ZHEIXIEDOUSHUOMING，YUNXINGGONGKUANGHUIDAOGUIDINGDIANZHIHOU，BENGQISHIXIANXIANGJIKEXIAOCHU，BENGDELIULIANGHUIFUZHENGCHANG（BENGPIANGONGKUANGFASHENGQISHIHOU，LIULIANG、YANGCHENGDOUYAOXIAJIANG）。DANCISHIFAMENKAIDUZHIYOU10%ZUOYOU，RUOZHANGCIYUNXING，FAMENYERONGYISUNHUAI，TONGSHIHAONENGBUJINGJI。

JIEJUEBANFA：

YOUYUYUANBENGYANGCHENGYOU32m，ERXINXUYANGCHENGJIN12m，YINWEIYANGCHENGXIANGCHATAIYUAN，QIEGEYELUNJIANGDIYANGCHENGDEJIANDANBANFAYIBUKEXING。YUSHITICHUDIANJIJIANGSU（960r/mJIANGZHI740r/m）GAIZAO，BENGYELUNZHONGXINSHEJIDEFANGAN。CIFANGANHOULAISHIJIANBIAOMING，CHEDIJIEJUELEWENTI，BUJINJIEJUELEQISHIWENTI，HAIDADADIJIANGDILENENGHAO。

BENANWENTIDEGUANJIANSHIBENGXUANXINGYANGCHENGGUOGAOZAOCHENGDE。

 一、案例Ⅱ：循环水泵位移和断轴事故分析

GAIGONGCHENGGONGYOU6TAI24CUNXINGXUNHUANSHUIBENG，LUTIANANZHUANG，BENGDEMINGPAICANSHUWEI：

Q=3000m3/h，H=70m, N=960r/m（SHIJIZHUANSUDA990r/m）

PEITAODIANJIGONGLV800kW

BENGZHOUCHENGWEISKFQIUZHOUCHENG。ZHIRUNHUA。CONGDONGDUANZHOUCHENGXIANGGUDING，CHENGSHOUCANYUZHOUXIANGTUILI；ZHUDONGDUANZHOUCHENGWAIQUANZHOUXIANGLIUYOUYOUDONGJIANXI。

BENGZHUANGZHIRUXIATUSUOSHI:

XIANGJIAOSHENSUOJIELIANGDUANFALANFENBIEYUGUANDAOLIANJIE，LIANGDUANFALANBENSHENWEIYONGZHANGLUOSHUANGANGXINGLIANJIE。

BENGANZHUANGHAOZHIHOU，KAISHIZHUTAIDIAOSHI，DIAOSHIZHONGCHUXIANXIALIEQINGKUANG：

1)BENGZUOHETUCHUGUANDAOSHUINIGUDINGZHIDUNJUNFASHENGWEIYI，WEIYIFANGXIANGRUZHUANGZHISHIYITUSUOSHI：BENGXIANGYOUYI，GUDINGZHIDUNXIANGZUOYI，YOUJITAIBENGZHIDUNSHUINIZUOYINWEIYICHUXIANBENGLIE

2)YALIBIAODUSHUZAIKAIFAZHIQIANDA0.8MPa，BUFENKAIFAZHIHOUWEI0.65MPaZUOYOU，DIANDONGDIEFAKAIDUYUE15%。ZHOUCHENGBUWEIWENSHENG、ZHENDONGFUDUDOUZHENGCHANG 。

3)TINGBENGZHIHOUJIANCHALIANZHOUQIDEDUIZHONGQINGKUANG，FAXIANJIBENGLIANGLIANZHOUQIZUOYOUCUOWEIJIAODA，JUANZHUANGRENYUANJIANCHA，CUOWEIZUIYANZHONGDEWEI1#BENG（CUOWEI1.6mm），5#BENG（CUOKAI3mm）、6#BENG（CUOKAI2mm），QITABENGYEYOUSHUSHISIDECUOWEI。

4)DIAOZHENGDUIZHONGHOU，ZHONGXINKAICHESHI，YONGHUHEANZHUANGKUAI3CAIPIAOappYONGBAIFENBIAOCELIANGBENGJIAODEWEIYILIANG，ZUIDADEDA0.37mm，TINGBENGHOUYOUHUIDAN，DANBENGJIAOBUWEIBUNENGFUYUAN。

DUANZHOUSHIGUFASHENGZAI5#BENGSHANG。5#BENGDUANZHOUZHIQIAN，DUANXUYUNXING3-4CI，LEIJIYUNXINGYUE60XIAOSHIZUOYOU。ZUIHOUYICIKAICHEHOU，YUNXINGZHICIRIWANSHANGFASHENGDUANZHOU。DUANZHOUBUWEIZAIZHUDONGDUANZHOUCHENGDINGWEIZHOUJIANTUIDAOCAOCHU，DUANMIANYUZHOUZHONGXINLVEWEIQINGXIE 。

DUISHIGUYUANYINDEFENXIYIJIAN：DUANZHOUSHIGUFASHENGZAI5#BENGSHANG，KENENGYOUZHOUBENSHENZHILIANGWENTI，YEYOUWAIBUYINSUDEWENTI。

1)5#BENGFASHENGDUANZHOU，BUPAICHU5#BENGZHOUCUNZAIZHILIANGWENTI，ZHEIXIEWENTIKENENGZHOULIAOBENSHENYOUQUEXIAN，YEKENENGYU5#BENGZHOUTUIDAOCAOJIAGONGYUANHUBUGUIFANDAOZHIYINGLIJIZHONG，ZHEISHIDUANZHOUYUANYINDEGEXINGWENTI。

2)5#BENGDUANZHOUYUWAILIZUOYONGSHIBENGCHANSHENGWEIYIYOUGUAN。ZAIWAILIZUOYONGXIA 5#BENGLIANZHOUQIZUOYOUCUOWEIZUIDA。ZHEIGEWAILIDECHANSHENGSHIYOUYUTUCHUGUANSHANGDESHUIYALIZUOYONGXIACHANSHENGDEZHANGLI（ZHEIGEZHANGLIFDANGP2=0.7MPaSHI：

F=0.7×10.2×（πd2）÷4=0.7×10.2×(π×802)÷4=35.9T,DANGBIFAYUNXINGSHI，P2=0.8MPa，CISHIF=0.8×10.2×(π×802)÷4=41T），ZHEIMEDADELALIKAOXIANGJIAOGUANBIGANGDUGENBENCHENGSHOUBUZHU，BIRANXIANGZUOYOUYANSHEN，ZHEIYANGLIXIANGYOUCHUANDIDAOBENGSHANG,SHIQICHANSHENGWEIYI，XIANGZUOCHUANDIDAOSHUINIZHIDUN,SHIQITUILIE，RUGUOZHIDUNJIAOJIANGU、BUKUA，ZEBENGXIANGYOUDEWEIYIJIUGENGDA。SHISHIBIAOMING，5#BENGDESHUINIZHIDUNWEITUILIE，ZE5#BENGDEWEIYIJIUGENGDA，SUOYITINGHOU,5#BENGDELIANZHOUQIZUOYOUCUOWEIJIUZUIDA(GONGZHONGHAO:BENGGUANJIA)。

3)YINXIANGJIAOGUANBIDEGANGDUBUNENGCHENGSHOUJUDASHUITUILIERZHOUXIANGLAZHANG，SHIBENGTUCHUKOUCHENGSHOUJUDAWAITUILI（BENGDEJINCHUFALANBUNENGCHENGSHOUGUANDAOWAILIZUOYONG），ZHISHIBENGTIWEIYI，DAOZHILIANZHOUQICUOWEI、JIBENGLIANGZHOUBUTONGXINYUNXING，ZHEISHIDAOZHI5#BENGDUANZHOUDEWAIBUYINSU。

JIEJUEFANGFA：JIANGLUNTAIJIEYONGZHANGLUOGANGANGXINGLIANJIE，BINGRANGTUCHUGUANLUNENGZIYOUSHENZHAN，WEIYIHEDUANZHOUWENTIERBUZAIFASHENG。

SHUIBENGCHANGJIANGUZHANGCHULICUOSHI

1、SHUIBENGYANGCHENGGUOGAOYINFADEYUNXINGGUZHANG：

SHEJIYUANZAIZUOSHUIBENGXUANXINGSHI，BENGDEYANGCHENGSHOUXIANSHITONGGUOLILUNJISUANQUEDINGDE，WANGWANGYOUXIEBAOSHOU，ZHISHIXINXUANBENGDEYANGCHENGGAOYUSHIJIZHUANGZHISUOYAOQIUDEYANGCHENG，CONGERDAOZHIBENGPIANGONGKUANGYUNXING。YOUYUPIANGONGKUANGYUNXING，HUIZAOCHENGRUXIAYIXIEYUNXINGGUZHANG：

(1)DIANJICHAOGONGLV（DIANLIU），CHANGCHANGCHUXIANZAILIXINBENGSHANG 。

(2)BENGFASHENGQISHIXIANXIANG，BINGFASHENGZHENDONGHEZAOYIN，CHUKOUYALIZHIZHENPINFANBAIDONG。YOUYUQISHIFASHENG，HAIDAOZHIYELUNQISHIPOHUAI，YUNXINGLIULIANGXIAJIANG。

CHULICUOSHI：FENXIBENGYUNXINGSHUJU，ZHONGXINQUEDINGZHUANGZHIYAOQIUDESHIJIYANGCHENG，DIAOZHENG（JIANGDI）BENGDEYANGCHENG.ZUIJIANDANDEFANGFASHIQIEXUEYELUNWAIJING;RUQIEXUEYELUNBUZUYIMANZUYANGCHENGJIANGDIZHIDEYAOQIU，KEGENGHUANXINSHEJIDEYELUN；HAIKEJIANGDIANJIZUOJIANGDIZHUANSUDEGAIZAOYIJIANGDIBENGYANGCHENG。

2、GUNDONGZHOUCHENGBUJIANWENSHENGCHAOBIAO

GUOCHANGUNDONGZHOUCHENGYUNXUDEZUIGAOWENDUBUCHAOGUO80℃,JINKOUZHOUCHENGRUSKFZHOUCHENG，YUNXUDEZUIGAOWENDUKEDADAO110℃。PINGSHIYUNXINGJIANCHASHI，DOUYISHOUMOCHUGANLAIPANDUANZHOUCHENGSHIFOUFARE，ZHEISHIBUGUIFANDEPANDUAN。

YINQIZHOUCHENGBUJIANWENDUGUOGAODECHANGJIANYUANYINYOUXIALIEJIDIAN：

1）RUNHUAYOU（ZHI）GUODUO ；

2）JIBENGLIANGZHOUBUDUIZHONG，SHIZHOUCHENGSHOUDAOEWAIDEFUZAI；

3）LINGBUJIANJIAGONGWUCHA，TEBIESHIZHOUCHENGTIYUBENGZUOXIANGPEIHEDEDUANMIANCHUIZHIDUCHAOCHA，YEHUISHIZHOUCHENGSHOUDAOEWAIDEGANRAOLIERFARE；

4）BENGTISHOUDAOTUCHUGUANDAODETUILAGANRAO，CONGERPOHUAILEJIBENGLIANGZHOUDETONGXINDU，YEHUISHIZHOUCHENGFARE；

5）ZHOUCHENGRUNHUABULIANGHUORUNHUAYOUZHIZHONGHANYOUNISHAHUOTIEXIE，YEHUISHIZHOUCHENGFARE；

6）ZHOUCHENGRONGLIANGBUZU，ZHEISHIBENGSHEJIXUANZEDEWENTI，CHENGSHUKUAI3CAIPIAOappYIBANBUCUNZAIZHEIYIWENTI。

3、BENGFASHENGQISHIXIANXIANG，DAOZHIZHENDONGZAOYINZENGDAHEYELUNPOHUAI：

BENGFASHENGQISHIXIANXIANGDESHIZHIYUANYINSHIBENGZHUANGZHIQISHIYULIANG（YINPSHaBIAOSHI）XIAOYUBENGBIXUQISHIYULIANG（YINPSHrBIAOSHI）ERZAOCHENGDE 。

BENGZHUANGZHIQISHIYULIANGNPSHaDEZHISHIYOUZHUANGZHIQUEDINGDE，TAYUDANGDIDAQIYAPa，SHUSONGJIEZHIDEQIHUAYALIPv，BENGQISHIJIZHUNXIANLIXIRUYEMIANDEJIHEGAODUHg，XIRUGUANLUDEZULISUNSHIhwYOUGUAN，JUTIDEJISUANGONGSHIWEI：

hw——BENGXIRUGUANLUDEZULISUNSHI，YIBANWEI0.3-0.5m

DANGZHUANGZHIQUEDINGZHIHOU，ERQIEXIRUSHUIWEIHENGDINGDEQINGKUANGXIA，NPSHaZHIWEIYIGEHENGDINGZHI。

BENGBIXUQISHIYULIANGNPSHrZHISHITONGGUOBENGSHIYANQUEDINGDE，YIBANZHIZUOSANGELIULIANGDIAN（JIGUIDINGFANWEINEIDESANGELIULIANGDIAN：XIAOLIULIANGDIAN、SHEJILIULIANGDIAN、DALIULIANGDIAN）DESHIYAN，ERQIESANGELIULIANGDIANDENPSHrZHIBUYIYANG，ZHENGCHANGQINGKUANGXIA，SHEJILIULIANGDIANDENPSHrZHIZUIXIAO，QITALIULIANGDIANTEBIESHIDALIULIANGDIANDENPSHrZHIYAOZENGDA。CHAOCHUDALIULIANGDIANYIWAIDENPSHrZHIYIBANNEIDOUJIJUZENGDA，WUFAYULIAO。

SHEJIYUANQUEDINGBENGDEANZHUANGGAODU，ZHUANGZHIQISHIYULIANGNPSHaZHIYAOMANZUBENGSHIYONGFANWEINEIZUIDABIXUQISHIYULIANGNPSHrZHIDEYAOQIU。DANSHIWEISHENMEHAIHUIFASHENGQISHIXIANXIANGNI？QIYUANYINYOUYIXIAJIDIAN：BENGPIANGONGKUANGYUNXINGZAOCHENGQISHIDEFASHENG：YOUYUXUANXINGWUCHA，SHIBENGDEYUNXINGGONGKUANGDIANBUZAIBENGDEGUIDINGFANWEINEI，ERSHIPIANZAIDALIULIANGQUYUYUNXING。YOUYUDALIULIANGDIANDENPSHrZHIWUFAYULIAODEZHIDA，ZAOCHENGNPSHa<NPSHRrERFASHENGQISHI；YOUYUZHIZAOWUCHA，BENGDESHIJIBIXUQISHIYULIANGDAYUYANGBENSHANGDEGUIDINGZHI，CONGERSHINPSHr>NPSHaZHIERFASHENGQISHI。

CHULICUOSHI：

ZHENDUIYISHANGSUOSHUZAOCHENGQISHIDESANGEYUANYIN，XIANGYINGDECAIQUYIXIASANZHONGJIEJUECUOSHI：

1）DIAOZHENGBENGDEXINGNENG（YIBANSHIJIANGDIYANGCHENGZHI），SHIBENGDEYUNXINGGONGKUANGDIANHUIDAOGUIDINGDELIULIANGFANWEINEIYUNXING；

2）JIANCHABINGQINGLIXIRUGUANNEIDEZAWU；

3）JIANGBENGFANHUIZHIZAOCHANGZUOQISHISHIYAN，HESHIBENGDEQISHIYULIANGZHISHIFOUDADAOYANGBENGUIDINGZHI；